現代日本語のヴォイスにおける進行中の言語変化に関する数量的研究:「ら抜き言葉」,「さ入れ言葉」,「れ足す言葉」を例として (Sociolinguistics)

要旨

In this paper, I present a quantitative investigation of three ongoing language changes in voice in Japanese: ra-Deletion, sa-Insertion, and re-Insertion.Sa-Insertion involves a process that adds an extra -as-to the causative morpheme, yielding a double causative construction.Ra-Deletion involves a process that deletes -ra-in the potential morpheme.Re-Insertion involves a similar process to sa-Insertion where an extra -re-is added to the potential morpheme, yielding a double potential construction.Thus far, there has been no unified discussion of these phenomena; no one has even taken these as a global change in a single category.The aim of this paper, therefore, is to demonstrate the aspects of the overall change in voice, based on a huge amount of spontaneous speech data in a large-scale Japanese corpus: the Corpus of Spontaneous Japanese.The results of the quantitative analysis show that the changes in Japanese voice proceed in the following order: ra-Deletion, sa-Insertion, re-Insertion; re-Insertion is currently in the earliest stage of the S-curve, sa-Insertion is in the stage previous to the explosive increase, and ra-Deletion is in the middle of the explosive increase. 1

主題