尊敬語の類型論

要旨

Researchers from several different theoretical backgrounds have pursued the study of honorification (Takiura 2017, forthcoming; Yamada 2019, to appear, a). Certainly, Japanese has played a central role in this field (Kikuchi 1997 [1994]). However, it has become apparent that honorific expressions are distributed across a wide range of genealogically-unrelated languages. Yet, no comprehensive study has given an exhaustive description of honorification's typological variation. After briefly tracking the study of honorification, this article thus illuminates five independent points of view that facilitate our understanding of the cross-linguistic variation in subject honorifics: (i) morphosyntactic realization, (ii) target of respect, (iii) historical origins, (iv) competition, and (v) interaction with other grammatical expressions.

主題