日中同形二字漢語動詞「V出」の自他性について

要旨

This paper discusses the differences between Japanese and Chinese homomorphic two-character Chinese verbs "V syutu-suru" in terms of auto-eternity and meaning. First, we discussed the difference in Intransitive/Transitive of "V syutu-suru " in Japanese and Chinese. As a result, both Japanese "V syutu" and Chinese "V chu" can be divided into three types of usage: intransitive verb, transitive verb, and reflexive verb. However, in the case of reflexive verb, the case in which the action subject moves involuntarily can be handled in Japanese and Chinese, whereas the case in which the action subject moves voluntarily cannot be handled. This paper pointed out that the latter case is common in Chinese. Next, we discussed the difference of the meaning between "V syutu-suru " in Japanese and "V chu "in Chinese. As a result, the Japanese/Chinese homomorphic "V syutu" has two major meanings, "move" and "appear". However, when expressing the meaning of "movement," it was clarified that the case of expressing "movement of a per son/thing from inside to outside" can be s upported in both Japanese and Chinese, but when expressing the derivative "abstract movement," it is just to support in either Japanese or in Chinese. In addition, while the Japanese word "V syutu-suru " in certain cases, such as reporting an actual scene, "teiru" expresses the meaning of "in progress," the Chinese language takes it as the result (completion) of "V chu," so the aspect particle "zhe" or the adverb like "zhengzai" indicating "in progress" cannot be used. And there are many other Chinese "V chu" verbs besides the 29 examples in this paper. These examples can be thought of as corresponding to the Japanese compound verbs "V dasu" and "V deru". Therefore, it remains to be seen whether and when Chinese "V chu" corresponds to Japanese compound verbs or to Japanese Chinese verbs.

主題