「生」「活」を造語成分とし共通語基をもつ近代類義二字漢語 : 「生計 - 活計」「生気 - 活気」等10組

要旨

“生” and“ 活 ,” the word bases of“ 生活,” which is a Sino-Japanese word that has been established as an everyday word in modern times, have together created many synonym pairs that are two-character Sino-Japanese word that have each of them as compound word constituents, like“ 生体─活体” and“ 生動─活動,” especially in early modern and modern times, perhaps due to acquiring a new usage. Among them, there are especially many patterns where both or one of the two-character Sino-Japanese word that have a common word base like the character,“ 体”（“生体─活体”）, derive from early modern to modern times. Specifically, they are 生業─活業, 生計─活計, 生路─活路, 生体─活体, 生物─ 活物, 生命─活命, 生動─活動, 生発─活発, 生気─活気, 生殺─活殺（生魚─活 魚）, etc. There is a vocabulary that could even be called,“ Synonym Vocabulary of Two-Character Sino-Japanese words that Have a Common Word Base,” so to speak. There are few cases that have created such a large number of pairs, even temporarily. It is thought that this is just how much“ 生活” or 生” and“ 活 ,” the kanji characters and the the Sino-Japanese vocabulary, have a word-forming ability with the added characteristic of a sense of modern language in a broad sense, and also how much they have come to carry some kind of unique characteristic of the time period. By gathering these together and examining them from an overall viewpoint, I aim to elucidate the word-forming characteristics, trends of derivation patterns, etc., of the Sino-Japanese vocabulary of modern from a new viewpoint.

主題