The Layered Structure of Syntactic V-V Compounds in Japanese

要旨

Kageyama (1993) shows that compound verbs are categorized as syntactic ones, if they allow a VN-suru predicate as their first verb.In all kinds of control classes in (1), the VNsuru predicate can appear as the first verb, which suggests that the compound verbs should form syntactic V-V compounds.The control constructions in (1) have distinct thematic relations; (1 a) involves an agentive subject, and (1 b) and (1 c) experiencer subjects (i.e.non-agentive subjects).There are a number of control predicates patterning with sokoneru 'fail' and control predicates patterning with wasureru 'forget'.A list of such predicates is given in (2a-b).(2) a. sokonau 'fail', naosu 'fix', owaru 'stop', oeru 'finish', tukusu 'exhaust' b. wasureru 'forget', akiru 'be bored', sobireru 'fail' c. nokosu 'remain'To my knowledge, nokosu 'remain' is the sole member of the third class of control verb.The three classes of control constructions in (1) show distinct behavior with regard to adjunct modification.Japanese has several different types of adjuncts, and they can be assumed to appear in distinct syntactic positions.For the purpose of illustrating that the control constructions in (1) show distinct syntactic behavior with regard to adjunct modification, I will look into agent-oriented adverbs (e.g.yorokonde 'willingly', iyaiya/sibusibu 'unwillingly', wazato 'deliberately'), manner adverbs (e.g.suityoku-ni 'vertically', massugu-ni 'straight'), and instrumental PPs (e.g.zyoogi-de 'with the ruler').I will also make use of one special type of locative adjunct such as ekimae-de (no enzetu) '(speech) in front of the station', which involves extraction from within a nominal.These adjuncts are licensed by distinct projections, depending on the meanings they carry (Zubizarretta 1987, Radford 2009), and their syntactic behavior can be best described by positing distinct

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