On the Grammaticalization Link between Genitive Cases, Nominalizers and Nominal Linkers: A Diachronic and Cross-linguistic Perspective

要旨

In this article, we will elucidate how nominalizers and nominal linkers as homophonous morphemes have been developed from genitive case-markers via grammaticalization, with a special attention to the diachronic process of the development of no 'of' in Japanese and its comparison with the corresponding morphemes de 'of' in Chinese and of in English. We will identify multiple uses of these homophonous grammatical morphemes, including genitive case-markers, nominalizers, and two subtypes of (syntactic) linkers. Drawing on historical corpus data, we will show that different uses of Japanese no emerged in different historical periods, especially the two subtypes of linker. We will also demonstrate that Chinese and English lack the linker (type-1) and have a limited use of the linker (type-2). We argue that the diachronic developmental process of linkers in Japanese and their limited usages in Chinese and English reflect different ranges of secondary grammaticalization via horizontal reanalysis of functional heads. We will also argue that all the linker constructions involve subject-predicate inversion in the sense of den Dikken (2006) and/or the movement of a complement to a specifier in the sense of Kayne (1994). Different behaviors of overt linkers in different languages are argued to follow from microparameters on the category selection by the linker heads.

主題